BIRDS of the UPPER CUMBERLAND REGION
Spring 2009 UCR Bird Report
(1 March–31 May)
Stephen J. Stedman
Department of English
and Communications
Introduction
Spring around the Upper Cumberland Region (Figure 1) provided another avian cornucopia; read on.
Weather
The season opened with several cold nights in early March with temperatures dropping into the low teens Fahrenheit on at least one of those nights. Thereafter, a warm period kicked in for a few days, followed by a period of rain and then another period of coolish weather. Late March was characterized by alternating periods of fair and wet weather, each lasting a few days to a week. At the end of the first week of April a frontal passage brought some snow. Generally leaf emergence was slower to develop than was the case during most recent springs in the Region with the exception of 2007 when the Easter freeze had such a depressing effect on the development of the Regional vegetation.
Organized Bird Counts
A summary of early arrival and late departure dates for migrant species observed during the season is available at this link:
A summary of results of Spring Bird Counts and Spring BirdBlitzes (i.e., spring counts not scheduled to be repeated annually) conducted in the Region is available at this link:
Although two of this year's three UCR Forays were conducted in late May, results from those events that pertain to breeding species are discussed in the Summer 2009 UCR Bird Report; access to the data, some of which pertains to late migrant species, is available via the following links:
Abbreviations and Symbols: † = documentation form submitted; BSFNRRA = Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area; Co. = County; CTSP = Cumberland Trail State Park; DBNF = Daniel Boone National Forest; KY = Kentucky; OWSR = Obed Wild and Scenic River; S. N. A. = State Natural Area; S. P. = State Park; SBC = Spring Bird Count; TN = Tennessee; UCR = Upper Cumberland Region; USFS = U. S. Forest Service; WMA = Wildlife Management Area.
Waterfowl and Gallinaceous Species
A Ross's Goose on River Hill Rd., White Co., TN, 17 March 2009 (DAD photo) was the first for that county and the latest reported this spring in the Region.
Three Mute Swans were noted on a small pond in the western part of Dixon Springs, Smith Co., TN, 9 March 2009 (FY fide FR); two were still present 16 March 2009 (HT photo); one still present 21 March 2009 (SJS photo) was last observed 22 March 2009 (FY fide FR). These were the first identifiable swans for Smith County, and the first with full details, but were preceded by some unidentified swans noted near the confluence of the Cumberland and Caney Fork rivers in an earlier winter (DT fide FR). Half a dozen or so swans, probably of this species, were observed in an inlet (unofficially known as "Mute Swan Cove" as a result of a record made there a few winters back) of Cordell Hull Reservoir just east of Gainesboro, Jackson Co., TN, during mid-March (fide NSL).
Record late for Pulaski Co., KY, and latest reported this season in the Region was a female Northern Pintail at Twin Lakes 1 April 2009 (RMD).
Loon through Herons
The presence of 47 Horned Grebes, all in alternate plumage, at the Floating Mill Recreation Area, Center Hill Lake, DeKalb Co., TN, on the relatively late date of 11 April 2009 (SJS) was indicative of the rather cold conditions that led to a "late" spring this year--though this spring may simply have been "normal," if based on the timing of leaf emergence prior to the last half decade to a decade; 27 Horned Grebes were still present at this site 15 April 2009 (SJS), pushing back the Regional late spring departure date by a day, and 18 remained to 17 April 2009 (SJS), pushing the late date back still further.
Six American White Pelicans were observed at Skaggs Creek, Barren River Reservoir, Barren Co., KY, 9 April 2009 (BN, AM photo et al.), providing the 4th Barren County sighting, the 8th Regional record, and the 2nd spring sighting for the Region. A flock of about 29 American White Pelicans on Lake Tansi, Cumberland Co., TN, 19 April 2009 (ML, EKL photo) provided the first record for that county, the 9th Regional record, the 3rd Regional spring record, and the largest flock ever to be found in the Region.
Easily the bird of the season was a Brown Pelican found 23 April 2009 (Tom and Carol Stroud photo) and relocated 25 April 2009 (Tom Stroud) on Lake Cumberland offshore from Lake Cumberland State Resort Park , Russell Co., KY, providing the first Regional record of this occasional wanderer.
First for Morgan Co., TN, and for Frozen Head State Natural Area was an American Bittern 3 May 2009 (MEH photo).
Two adult Yellow-crowned Night-Herons were found at the Green River WMA, Adair Co., KY, 22 May 2009 (DC photo) for the first county record, making Adair just the 9th UCR county with a record of this retiring ardeid.
New World Vultures and Diurnal Raptors
The Turkey Vulture nest site on Leffle Webb Rd., Cumberland Co., TN, was active again this year, two eggs being discovered in March and a young bird being noted in May (EKL); see the Summer 2009 UCR Bird Report for a photo of two large young in July.
The first Ospreys of the season were reported from two nest sites in Jackson Co., TN, 10 March 2009 (NSL); another was reported back at a nest site in Smith Co., TN, 20 March 2009 (HT).
An intermediate light morph female Rough-legged Hawk was noted near Hillendale Rd., Cumberland Co., TN, 3 March 2009 (EKL), the only Regional report of the season.
Two juvenile Golden Eagles in the Dry Creek Overlook area, DBNF, McCreary Co., KY, 21 March 2009 (RMD) were of considerable interest, representing the first record for this county.
Rails through Terns
A flock of about 20 American Avocets was noted at The Narrows, Barren River Reservoir, Barren Co., KY, 28 April 2009 (MV fide DLR), providing the 11th Regional record and 4th for Barren Co., KY.
Earliest Greater and Lesser yellowlegs in the Region this season were singles found 7 March 2009 on Moffitt Rd., Warren Co., TN (EKL, DAD, SJS).
Four Willets at Barren River Lake State Park, Barren Co., KY, 30 April 2009 (DLR photo) fell exactly at the midpoint of the window of spring occurrence for this species within the UCR; they represented the 12th Regional record and 2nd for Barren Co., KY.
The first Least Sandpipers of the season Regionally showed up at Casey Creek, Adair Co., KY, 5 March 2009 (RMD).
Doves through Vireos
First for Adair Co., KY, was a Black-billed Cuckoo at Casey Creek 16 May 2009 (RMD photo); this bird held a prey item in its bill for 10 minutes as the observer watched it, suggesting that it might be feeding young, albeit the date was quite early for that; a cuckoo without rufous in its wings was seen at the same site 21 May 2009.
One of the Short-eared Owls present near Hillendale Rd., Cumberland Co., TN, during the previous season remained until at least 21 March 2009 (EKL).
Record early in Putnam Co., TN, and earliest reported this season in the Region was a singing Eastern Whip-poor-will in Barnes Hollow 26 March 2009 (RWS).
The banded male Rufous Hummingbird present last fall and winter on Aspen Dr., Putnam Co., TN, was last observed 23 March 2009 (SH photo [note band on right tarsus]); the banded female Rufous Hummingbird present since August 2008 on Creed Rd., Van Buren Co., TN, was last observed 22 April 2009 (JW, BW video/audio [10 April 2009]), setting a new late spring departure date for the Region; note the considerable difference in the timing of departure for adults of the two sexes of this species.
A Scissor-tailed Flycatcher on Oxier Hollow Rd., Beldsoe Co., TN, 18 April 2009 (DJS photo) was earliest ever for the Region.
The earliest Blue-headed Vireo of the season was noted along Scott's Gulf Rd., White Co., TN, 17 March 2009 (DAD).
Martin through Pipit
The first Tree Swallows of the season Regionally were six at a pond on Moffitt Rd., Warren Co., TN, 7 March 2009 (EKL, DAD, SJS).
Earliest Cliff Swallows this spring Regionally were two at Walnut Creek, Barren/Allen counties, KY, 25 March 2009 (DLR, SJS).
Warblers
The latest Tennessee Warbler of the season, a singing male, was noted 31 May 2009 on Holleman's Bend Rd. during the UCR Foray in Jackson Co., TN (SJS).
The latest Magnolia Warbler of the season was a female noted 29 May 2009 during the UCR Foray in Jackson Co., TN (SJS).
The earliest Yellow-throated Warblers of the season Regionally appeared in White/Van Buren counties, TN, 23 March 2009 (DAD/BBr).
The first Louisiana Waterthrush of the spring Regionally showed up at the intersection of Martin Creek Rd. and Broadwater Branch Rd., Putnam Co., TN, 18 March 2009 (SJS).
A singing Mourning Warbler noted 30 May 2009 (BHS) was another product of the 2009 UCR Foray in Jackson Co., TN, and was the only one reported this season Regionally.
Sparrows through Finches
On 16 May 2009 a singing male Savannah Sparrow, as well as a nonsinging individual, was discovered near Fonthill, Russell Co., KY (RMD); no additional evidence of breeding came from this site later in the season, so it may have represented late-lingering individuals.
Overton County, TN, became the latest UCR county with a record of Henslow's Sparrow when one was heard singing on McDonald Rd. 23 May 2009 (SJS), a spin-off from work conducted for the Pickett County Foray. Henslow's returned to the Bridgestone/Firestone Centennial Wilderness, White Co., TN (EKL, DAD et al.), in moderate numbers (up to 18); they were reported back at the Ano strip mines, Pulaski Co., KY (RMD), in small numbers (2); but the large population formerly on the Campbell farm in Cumberland Co., TN, was not detected this spring, mainly due to planting of many of the fallow fields at that site; and the small population on County House Rd. in DeKalb Co., TN, was not detected during the season (but see the Summer 2009 UCR Bird Report for a sighting at that location).
Dickcissels had a good season in the Region during May, with the count of 34 during the White County SBC 16 May 2009 (m. ob.) being one of the best SBC totals ever achieved in the Region. The only traditional site for this species in Putnam Co., TN, has been Ball Hill Rd., where one was found during the SBC in that county 9 May 2009 (EKL, DLC), but see the Summer 2009 UCR Bird Report for information about two new sites where the species was detected in that county during that season. Dickcissels were found in three blocks during the 2009 UCR Foray in Pickett County; they were not detected during the 2009 UCR Foray in Jackson County; see the Summer 2009 UCR Bird Report for results from the 2009 UCR Foray in Clinton County.
Observers: Betty Bright (BB), Sharon Brines (SB), Wally Brines (WB), Ben Britton (BBr), David R. Brown (DRB), Greg Brown (GB), Chester Bush (CB), Margie Buxbaum (MB), Daniel L. Combs (DLC), Douglas A. Downs (DAD), Janie C. Finch (JCF), Richard C. Finch (RCF), Susan H. Ford (SHF), Judy C. Fuson (JuF), Dana Girard (DG), W. Howard Groce (WHG), W. Oakley Hall (WOH), Michael J. Hawkins (MJH), Jim Hazard (JH), Marie Hill (MH), Stan Hood (SH), Nancy S. Layzer (NSL), Edmund K. LeGrand (EKL), Marc Lipner (ML), Anita May (AM), Marty McKnight (MM), Betty Norris (BN), Michael P. O'Rourke (MPO), Handley "Ozzie" Oswalt (HO), John Ramsey (JR), David L. Roemer (DLR), Fran Rutkovsky (FR), Thomas M. Saya (TMS), DJ Stanley (DJS), Barbara H. Stedman (BHS), Stephen J. Stedman (SJS), Harvey Tinsley (HT), Shannon Trimboli (ST), Derrick Triplett (DT), Mike Vessels (MV), Bill Wagner (BW), Jacquie Wagner (JW), Faith Young (FY).
Literature Cited
Appendix A. Data for Great Blue Heron Rookeries in the UCR during "Spring" 2009, listed alphabetically by state and then by county. Active sites boldfaced.
Date | No. of Adults |
No. of Nests |
No. of Young |
Obs. | Site | County |
8 April | 8+ | 8+ | 0 | LC | Beaver Creek, S of Glasgow Airport | Barren, KY |
14 February | 0 | ? | 0 | RMD | Lee's Ford Marina | Pulaski, KY |
15 March | 45 | 43 | 0 | RMD | Lee's Ford Marina | Pulaski, KY |
31 March | 2 | 1 | 0 | RMD | Kendall Recreation Area | Russell, KY |
7 February | 0 | 10 | 0 | SJS, BHS | Hurricane Marina | DeKalb, TN |
14 February | 5 | 7 | 0 | JuF, CDW | Moss Island, Floating Mill Recreation Area | DeKalb, TN |
14 February | 2 | 3 | 0 | MJH | Buffalo Valley Nature Trail below Center Hill Dam | DeKalb, TN |
14 February | 1 | 4 | 0 | SJS | Holleman's Bend Rd. | Jackson, TN |
14 February | c. 35 | c. 40 | 0 | NSL/SJS | Flynn's Creek Rd. | Jackson, TN |
14 February | 12 | 10+ | 0 | NSL | Rt. 53 c. 0.5 mi east of Gainesboro city limits, Cordell Hull Reservoir | Jackson, TN |
10 February | 1+ | 10+ | 0 | SJS | Dry Valley Rd. | Putnam, TN |
11 February | c. 35 | c. 45 | 0 | SJS | Moss Bend Rd. | Smith, TN |
14 February | 10 | 25 | 0 | SNM | South of RISP on Rt. 287 at int. w/ Bybee Chapel Rd. | Warren, TN |
Appendix B. Records of northbound (and some southbound) Sandhill Cranes in the Upper Cumberland Region during "Spring" 2009, including those seen February through April 2009; see the Fall 2008 UCR Bird Report for records of southbound (and a few northbound) cranes during December 2008 and earlier, and see the Winter 2008-2009 UCR Bird Report for records of cranes during January 2009.
No. | Dir. of | Date | Time | Obs. | County | Site |
Flight | ||||||
1000+ | on ground | 1 February | 1600 CST | ST | Barren, KY | The Narrows |
3 | on ground | 5 February | 1000 CST | DAD | White, TN | Intersection Black Oak Rd. and Duck Pond Rd. |
1 | on ground | 7 February | 0900 CST | DAD | Clay, TN | Lillydale |
3 | on ground; then flushed | 7 February | 1000 CST | SJS, EKL | Morgan, TN | Stone's Rd. |
40 | flying N | 9 February | 1100 CST | EKL | Cumberland, TN | Leffle Webb Rd. |
250 | flying NW | 9 February | 1200 CST | DAD | Putnam, TN | Old Kentucky Rd., Cookeville |
40/50/100 | flying N | 10 February | 0900/1040/ 1050 CST | NSL | Jackson, TN | Bullington Lane |
120+/120 | flying NW/flying NNW | 10 February | 1050/1146 CST | GB/SJS | Putnam, TN | TTU campus |
c. 35 | flying NW | 10 February | c. 1055 CST | fide GKE | Putnam, TN | TTU campus |
3 | flying NNW | 10 February | 1200 EST | RMD | McCreary, TN | Yahoo Falls, BSFNRRA |
62 | flying NW | 10 February | 1100 CST | DG | Bledsoe, TN | near FCFSRP |
150+/28/ 34/69 | flying WNW/WNW/ NW/NW | 10 February | 1105/1112/ 1340/1420 CST | JCF | Putnam, TN | Allen Hollow Rd. |
200+ | flying N | 10 February | 1105 CST | HO | Putnam, TN | Pickard Ave., Cookeville |
150 | flying N | 10 February | 1115 CST | SHF | Putnam, TN | Cookeville Reg. Med. Center., Cookeville |
95 | flying NW | 10 February | 1140 CST | BHS | Putnam, TN | Intersection S. Jefferson Ave. & Jackson St., Cookeville |
73 | flying NW | 10 February | 1145 CST | DJS | Putnam, TN | Intersection Willow Ave. and 4th St., Cookeville |
65 | flying W | 10 February | 1205 | BHS | Putnam, TN | Intersection Rt. 70N & 1-40 |
20+ | flying N | 10 February | 1300 CST | LC | Barren, KY | Rt. 31E N of Glasgow |
13 | on ground | 11 February | 0730 CST | MJH | DeKalb, TN | Allen's Ferry Rd. |
5 | flying N | 11 February | 1000 CST | TMS | Putnam, TN | TTU campus |
3/30/50 | flying N | 11 February | 1200/1228/ 1240 CST | MPO | Putnam, TN | Shenandoah |
1000/325 | flying NW | 12 February | 1100-1200/ 1300-1330 CST | DJS | Cumberland, TN | Lakes Mohawk & Tansi |
70 | flying N | 12 February | 1110 CST | JH | Cumberland, TN | 2 km E of Crossville airport |
800 | flying N | 12 February | 1130-1330 CST | MB | Cumberland, TN | Bluff Rd., Crossville |
112 | flying WNW | 12 February | 1354 CST | JW | Van Buren, TN | Creed Rd. |
16 | flying NW | 13 February | 1107 CST | SJS | Putnam, TN | Shipley Farm (TTU) |
25 | flying N | 13 February | 1120 CST | MB | Cumberland, TN | Bluff Rd., Crossville |
82 | flying NNE | 13 February | 1134-1135 CST | NSL | Jackson, TN | Bullington Lane |
31 | flying N | 13 February | 1300 CST | RCF fide JCF | Putnam, TN | Allen Hollow Rd. |
90 | flying W | 13 February | 1710 CST | MJH | DeKalb, TN | Love Colony Rd. |
106 | flying N | 15 February | 1130 CST | MB | Cumberland, TN | Bluff Rd., Crossville |
100 | flying N | 15 February | 1235 CST | WB | Putnam, TN | Algood |
50/24 | flying NW | 15 February | 1345/1415 CST | GB | Putnam, TN | near Brotherton |
90 | landing | 15 February | 1530 CST | SJS, BHS | White, TN | Heritage Marsh |
1000+ | on ground | 16 February | 1015-1545 CST | DRB | Barren, KY | The Narrows |
c. 190 | flying N | 16 February | 1200 CST | DG | Bledsoe, TN | near FCFSRP |
300 | flying N | 16 February | 1200 CST | JR | Putnam, TN | 16th St., Cookeville |
50 | flying N | 17 February | 1100 CST | EKL | Cumberland, TN | Leffle Webb Rd. |
c. 100 | ? | 18 February | ? | DLR | Barren, KY | ? |
50/150 | flying N | 20 February | 1030/1130 CST | EKL | Cumberland, TN | Leffle Webb Rd. |
250 | flying N | 20 February | 1100 CST | BB | Putnam, TN | N of Monterey |
60 | flying N | 20 February | 1145 CST | FB | Putnam, TN | Belle Acres Golf Course |
100+ | on ground | 20 February | ? | DLR, DRB | Barren, KY | along 31E near Lucas |
46 | flying N | 21 February | 1000 CST | MR | Putnam, TN | 16th St., Cookeville |
50 | flying N | 21 February | 1015 CST | MPO | Putnam, TN | Shenandoah |
40+ | flying N | 21 February | 1025 CST | MM | Cumberland, TN | Pleasant Hill |
28 | thermaling, then flying N | 21 February | 1330-1415 CST | DAD | White, TN | Heritage Marsh |
45 | flying N | 21 February | 1645 CST | WHG | Pickett, TN | N side of Dale Hollow Lake |
10 | flying N | 22 February | 1300 CST | JH | Cumberland, TN | 2 km E of Crossville airport |
31 | flying W | 22 February | c. 1430 CST | WOH | Overton, TN | Alpine |
24 | flying N | 23 February | 1300 CST | LC | Barren, KY | Glasgow |
65 | flying N | 24 February | 1115 CST | EKL | Cumberland, TN | Leffle Webb Rd. |
70+ | flying N | 24 February | 1445 CST | LC | Barren, KY | Glasgow |
47 | flying NW | 24 February | 1525 CST | DJS | Putnam, TN | Intersection I-40 & Willow Ave. |
55 | flying N | 26 February | 1045 CST | BHS | Putnam, TN | City Lake |
25 | flying N | 26 February | 1330 CST | EKL | Cumberland, TN | Leffle Webb Rd. |
83 | thermaling | 2 March | 1045 CST | DJS | White, TN | Spring St., Sparta |
30 | thermaling | 3 March | 1130 CST | MPO | Putnam, TN | Belle Acres G. C. |
1500 | coming to roost | 3 March | 1645-1715 CST | DAD | White, TN | Heritage Marsh |
158 | on ground | 4 March | 1200-1230 CST | DJS | White, TN | Heritage Marsh |
flock heard | probably flying N | 5 March | 1120 CST | BHS | Putnam, TN | City Lake |
33 | flying N | 6 March | 1700 CST | WOH | Overton, TN | Alpine |
c. 100 | flying N | 7 March | 1130 CST | MR | Putnam, TN | S. Jefferson, Cookeville |
c. 225 | flying N | 7 March | 1300-1500 CST | WHG | Pickett, TN | near Dale Hollow Lake |
23 | flying N | 8 March | 1000 CDT | NSL | Jackson, TN | Bullington Lane |
210 | flying NW | 8 March | 1238 CDT | DJS | Cumberland, TN | Crossville |
35 | flying N | 8 March | 1300 CDT | EKL | Cumberland, TN | Leffle Webb Rd. |
200+ | flying N | 8 March | 1315 CDT | WHG | Pickett, TN | near Dale Hollow Lake |
900+ | on ground; some "dancing" | 8 March | PM CDT | DAD | White, TN | Heritage Marsh south to Burgess Falls Rd. |
70 | flying N | 9 March | 1030 CDT | TMS | Putnam, TN | Demaur Dr., Baxter |
30 | circling | 9 March | 1057-1102 CDT | SJS | Putnam, TN | Int. Broadwater Branch Rd. X Martin Creek Rd. |
25 | flying N | 9 March | 1100 CDT | EKL | Cumberland, TN | Leffle Webb Rd. |
165 | flying N | 9 March | 1121 CDT | SJS | Putnam, TN | Carrington Rd. |
100/120 | flying N | 9 March | 1345/1415 CST | LC | Barren, KY | Glasgow |
76 | flying N | 9 March | 1415 CDT | CB | Cumberland, TN | Rt. 127 in Rinnie |
170 | flying NNW | 10 March | 1010-1037 CDT | GKE | Putnam, TN | Dry Creek Meadows |
15 | flying NE | 15 March | 1330 CDT | MH fide CDW | DeKalb, TN | Game Ridge Rd. |
1 | ? | 15 March | ? | DAD | White, TN | Franks Ferry Rd. |
8 | on ground | 16 March | 1600-1615 CDT | MJH | DeKalb, TN | Allen's Ferry Rd. |
22 | flying NW | 17 March | 1000 CDT | DG | Bledsoe, TN | near FCFSRP |
60 | flying N | 17 March | 1110 CDT | SB fide WB | White, TN | Walnut Grove Rd. |
small flock heard | flying N | 18 March | 1030 CDT | EKL | Cumberland, TN | Leffle Webb Rd. |
Appendix C. Reports of Loggerhead Shrikes during Spring 2009 in the Upper Cumberland Region.
# | Date | Observer(s) | County, State | Site |
1 | 6 March | WB | Putnam | Rocky Point Rd. just west of Shady Lane |
2 (prob. pr.) | 6 March | SNM, NPM | Warren | Mason Grissom Rd. |
2 (prob. pr.) | 7 March | SJS, DAD, EKL | Warren | Smoot Rd. near Shelbyville Rd. |
3 | 15 March | DAD | White | Old Smithville Rd. 100 m E of int. with Jim Fancher Rd. |
2 (prob. pr.) | 16 March | JuF | DeKalb | Pine Creek Falls Rd. |
1–2 (prob. pr.) | 5, 15 (2), 16, 17 (2), 22, 24, 26 (2), 28, 30 March | JuF | DeKalb | Student's Home Rd. |
1 | 18 March | EKL | Cumberland | near Winningham Rd. |
1–2 | 1 (2), 2, 3 (yard), 7, 9, 11, 12, 13 (2), 17 (2), 20 April | JuF | DeKalb | Student's Home Rd. |
1 | 4 April | WB, SB | White | near int. Walnut Grove Rd. & Van Elrod Rd. |
1/2 | 10/11 April | SNM | Warren | Mason Grissom Rd. |
1 | 11, 17, 22, 28 April | JuF | DeKalb | County House Rd. |
1 | 3–4, 22 May | SNM | Warren | Mason Grissom Rd. |
1 | 8, 15 May | JuF | DeKalb | Student's Home Rd. |
1 | 16 May | SJS | White | Copeland Dr. (SBC) |
1 | 16 May | SJS | White | Bill Carter Rd. (SBC) |
1 | 16 May | JuF, CDW, NSL | White | (SBC) |
2 | 16 May | WAW, MPO, TMS | White | (SBC) |
Appendix E. Records of Swainson's Warblers in the UCR during Spring and Summer 2009.
Date | Number | Observer | Site |
24 April | 1 singing | SJS, TMS | FR 137 near Great Meadows, DBNF, McCreary Co., KY (SBC) |
28 April | 1 | RMD | Pulaski Co., KY |
2 May | 1 singing | BHS | Adams Bridge on Genesis Rd., Cumberland Co., TN |
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