Results of the Crossville Christmas Bird Count from the 2006–2007 (107th) Season to the Present

A male Northern Harrier found along Nicholson Rd., Cumberland County, Tennessee, just before the period of the CBC in Crossville; photo DJ Stanley (5 December 2008).

 

The first Crossville Christmas Bird Count (CBC) was conducted 23 December 2006, with a large corps of field observers (20) and a feederwatcher participating.  Totaling 78 species (Table 2) during its inaugural bird-counting effort, this CBC sampled a wide variety of sites ranging in elevation from the northern end of Sequatchie Valley (c. 1100 ft) to the tops of Black (c. 2800 ft), Brady (c. 2900 ft), and Hinch (c. 3000 ft) mountains.

    The second Crossville CBC, conducted 22 December 2007, resulted in the extraordinary species total of 92, making it the first Regional CBC to surpass the 90-species barrier.  The third Crossville CBC was conducted 17 December 2008,  a day with fairly steady light rain and moderate fog, factors that somewhat reduced the number of participants, as well as the species total, which came in at a respectable 82.  The fourth Crossville CBC, conducted 23 December 2009, resulted in a very fine total of 90 species, including the first Western Grebe to be registered on a Regional CBC.

    Some of the sites found within the 15-mile-diameter circle delineating the 177-square-mile Crossville CBC include nearly all of the city of Crossville, all of Cumberland Mountain Farm (private), all of Cumberland Mountain State Park, all of the segments of Cumberland Trail State Park lying along Black and Brady Mountains, Lakes Hiawatha, Holiday, and Tansi, and Meadow Park Lake.  The aforementioned lakes in particular were responsible for providing habitat for many waterfowl and water-related species, such as Bald Eagle, that helped to make the species total accumulated on this CBC an impressive one for a count being conducted for the first time and for a count located on the Cumberland Plateau, where a slightly less dense and diverse population of winter bird species was assumed to reside than is found at adjacent sites of lower elevation.  The assumption of lesser bird species diversity on the plateau was not borne out, or only weakly borne out, by the results of the first Crossville CBC, which produced almost as many species as were found at some CBC sites of lower elevation (i.e., Clay County, Cookeville, and White County) and as many or more species as were found at some other CBC sites of lower elevation (i.e., DeKalb County and Warren County).  The assumption of lesser bird density at sites on the plateau than at sites of lower elevation was borne out for some species, but not for others, as explained in the next paragraph.

    One of the more interesting features of the Crossville CBC involved how the individual species totals accumulated on it compared to individual species totals accumulated on CBCs conducted on the adjacent, lower Highland Rim (i.e., at sites such as Cookeville and White County).  The Crossville CBC results revealed considerable differences in numbers for some species residing in each of these physiographic provinces, but not for others.  For example, Hairy and Pileated woodpeckers appear to populate the Cumberland Plateau more densely than they do the Highland Rim, while the Turkey Vulture, American Kestrel, and Hermit Thrush less densely populate the Plateau than the Highland Rim.  Still other speciessuch as Downy Woodpecker, Eastern Phoebe, and Carolina Chickadeeappear to populate the Plateau and the Highland Rim in about the same density.  You may see the specific results of the Crossville CBC for these species and for many others among 114 species listed below (Table 2). To see results of the Crossville CBC in the context of results from other CBCs during the same seasons, click on the appropriate link below:

 

Table 1. Results of Crossville CBCs conducted from the 20162017 (117th) season to the 20252026 (126th) season.

CBC Season 2016 2017 2018 2019– 2020– 2021– 2022– 2023 2024 2025
  2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
 
Date (Dec) 20

no count

22 21 -- -- -- -- -- --
Number of Field Parties 4-6

--

-- 5-6 -- -- -- -- -- --
Number of Observers 12

--

7 12 -- -- -- -- -- --
Number of Party Hours 56.5

--

40.5 54 -- -- -- -- -- --
Number of Species 92

--

81 78 -- -- -- -- -- --
Compiler(s) EKL

--

EKL EKL -- -- -- -- -- --
               
Snow Goose, white form --

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Canada Goose 254

--

329 412 -- -- -- -- -- --
Mute Swan 1

--

1 1 -- -- -- -- -- --
Wood Duck 9

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Blue-winged Teal --

--

-- 4 -- -- -- -- -- --
Northern Shoveler 4

--

1 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Gadwall 25

--

11 41 -- -- -- -- -- --
American Wigeon 2

--

10 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Mallard 398

--

78 153 -- -- -- -- -- --
American  Black Duck 16

--

1 17 -- -- -- -- -- --
Northern Pintail --

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Green-winged Teal 41

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Canvasback 45

--

105 5 -- -- -- -- -- --
Redhead 228

--

11 35 -- -- -- -- -- --
Ring-necked Duck 1210

--

474 584 -- -- -- -- -- --
Greater Scaup 1

--

7 12 -- -- -- -- -- --
Lesser Scaup 13

--

4 8 -- -- -- -- -- --
   Scaup sp. --

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Bufflehead 631

--

322 281 -- -- -- -- -- --
Common Goldeneye 2

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Hooded Merganser 465

--

201 54 -- -- -- -- -- --
Common Merganser --

--

1 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Red-breasted Merganser 3

--

-- 11 -- -- -- -- -- --
Ruddy Duck 210

--

281 84 -- -- -- -- -- --
  2016 2017 2018 2019– 2020– 2021– 2022– 2023 2024 2025
  2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
Northern Bobwhite --

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Ruffed Grouse --

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Wild Turkey --

--

6 39 -- -- -- -- -- --
Pied-billed Grebe 118

--

169 73 -- -- -- -- -- --
Horned Grebe 6

--

2 4 -- -- -- -- -- --
Western Grebe --

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Rock Pigeon 41

--

15 73 -- -- -- -- -- --
Eurasian Collared-Dove 16

--

-- 5 -- -- -- -- -- --
Mourning Dove 113

--

85 204 -- -- -- -- -- --
American Coot 331

--

150 111 -- -- -- -- -- --
Sandhill Crane 424

--

47 43 -- -- -- -- -- --
Killdeer 19

--

18 42 -- -- -- -- -- --
American Woodcock --

--

1 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Wilson's Snipe 9

--

19 36 -- -- -- -- -- --
Bonaparte's Gull 4

--

-- 8 -- -- -- -- -- --
Ring-billed Gull 7

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Herring Gull --

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Common Loon 1

--

2 2 -- -- -- -- -- --
Double-crested Cormorant --

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Great Blue Heron 6

--

2 11 -- -- -- -- -- --
  2016 2017 2018 2019– 2020– 2021– 2022– 2023 2024 2025
  2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
Black Vulture 1

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Turkey Vulture 38

--

14 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Osprey

--

--

1 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Golden Eagle

--

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Northern Harrier 2

--

1 1 -- -- -- -- -- --
Sharp-shinned Hawk 2

--

-- 1 -- -- -- -- -- --
Cooper's Hawk 5

--

1 3 -- -- -- -- -- --
   Accipiter sp. --

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Bald Eagle 3

--

2 2 -- -- -- -- -- --
Red-shouldered Hawk 21

--

11 22 -- -- -- -- -- --
Red-tailed Hawk 16

--

12 21 -- -- -- -- -- --
Rough-legged Hawk --

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Eastern Screech-Owl 1

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Great Horned Owl --

--

2 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Barred Owl 3

--

2 2 -- -- -- -- -- --
Belted Kingfisher 7

--

5 4 -- -- -- -- -- --
Red-headed Woodpecker 20

--

8 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Red-bellied Woodpecker 62

--

41 43 -- -- -- -- -- --
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker 9

--

1 4 -- -- -- -- -- --
Downy Woodpecker 43

--

23 22 -- -- -- -- -- --
Hairy Woodpecker 12

--

4 6 -- -- -- -- -- --
Northern Flicker 65

--

18 17 -- -- -- -- -- --
Pileated Woodpecker 32

--

14 12 -- -- -- -- -- --
American Kestrel 32

--

16 23 -- -- -- -- -- --
Merlin --

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  2016 2017 2018 2019– 2020– 2021– 2022– 2023 2024 2025
  2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
Eastern Phoebe 15

--

6 15 -- -- -- -- -- --
Loggerhead Shrike --

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Blue Jay 325

--

143 59 -- -- -- -- -- --
American Crow 509

--

259 228 -- -- -- -- -- --
Horned Lark 2

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Carolina Chickadee 213

--

77 124 -- -- -- -- -- --
Tufted Titmouse 159

--

91 88 -- -- -- -- -- --
Red-breasted Nuthatch 2

--

6 2 -- -- -- -- -- --
White-breasted Nuthatch 91

--

41 49 -- -- -- -- -- --
Brown Creeper 3

--

1 2 -- -- -- -- -- --
House Wren --

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Winter Wren 10

--

7 7 -- -- -- -- -- --
Carolina Wren 80

--

55 91 -- -- -- -- -- --
Golden-crowned Kinglet 39

--

12 11 -- -- -- -- -- --
Ruby-crowned Kinglet 3

--

5 1 -- -- -- -- -- --
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher --

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Eastern Bluebird 163

--

142 108 -- -- -- -- -- --
Hermit Thrush 29

--

10 12 -- -- -- -- -- --
American Robin  185

--

16 69 -- -- -- -- -- --
Gray Catbird --

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Brown Thrasher 15

--

9 4 -- -- -- -- -- --
Northern Mockingbird 41

--

22 33 -- -- -- -- -- --
European Starling 1545

--

358 530 -- -- -- -- -- --
Cedar Waxwing 321

--

-- 31 -- -- -- -- -- --
House Sparrow 86

--

12 46 -- -- -- -- -- --
American Pipit --

--

38 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
House Finch 81

--

31 31 -- -- -- -- -- --
Purple Finch 2

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Red Crossbill

--

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Pine Siskin

--

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
American Goldfinch 179

--

48 12 -- -- -- -- -- --
  2016 2017 2018 2019– 2020– 2021– 2022– 2023 2024 2025
  2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
Eastern Towhee 69

--

26 17 -- -- -- -- -- --
Chipping Sparrow 5

--

9 20 -- -- -- -- -- --
Clay-colored Sparrow --

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Field Sparrow 84

--

108 105 -- -- -- -- -- --
Savannah Sparrow 19

--

22 4 -- -- -- -- -- --
Fox Sparrow 13

--

1 1 -- -- -- -- -- --
Song Sparrow 160

--

69 93 -- -- -- -- -- --
Swamp Sparrow 20

--

7 11 -- -- -- -- -- --
White-crowned Sparrow 6

--

13 8 -- -- -- -- -- --
White-throated Sparrow 109

--

37 33 -- -- -- -- -- --
Dark-eyed Junco 172

--

40 30 -- -- -- -- -- --
Eastern Meadowlark 80

--

98 82 -- -- -- -- -- --
Red-winged Blackbird 1

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Brown-headed Cowbird 20

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Rusty Blackbird --

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Common Grackle 11

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Palm Warbler 2

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Pine Warbler --

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Yellow-rumped Warbler 23

--

1 10 -- -- -- -- -- --
Northern Cardinal 261

--

110

123

-- -- -- -- -- --
 
Number of Individuals 10180

--

-- 4626 -- -- -- -- -- --
Number of Species 92

no count

81 78 -- -- -- -- -- --
 
CBC Season 2016 2017 2018 2019– 2020– 2021– 2022– 2023 2024 2025
  2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026

 

Table 2. Results of Crossville CBCs conducted from the 20062007 (107th) season to the 20152016 (116th) season.

CBC Season 2006 2007 2008 2009– 2010– 2011– 2012– 2013 2014 2015
  2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
 
Date (Dec) 23

22

17 23 23 21 22 23 23 22
Number of Field Parties 78 710 67 78 7–9 7 4–5 5 56 5
Number of Observers 21 23 10 15 16 13 12 9 11 13
Number of Party Hours 67.75 74.75 62.5 77.75 73.75 67 49.25 47.75 51.25 47.75
Number of Species 78

92

82 90 90 88 89 88 82 86
Compiler(s)

EKL

EKL EKL EKL EKL EKL EKL EKL EKL EKL
 

JEM

JEM JEM JEM JEM
               
Snow Goose, white form -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 1 im -- --
Canada Goose 196 501 116 222 342 383 236 214 450 368
Mute Swan -- -- -- -- 1 1 cw 1 1 1
Wood Duck 6 5 2 7 14 1 3 1 18 1
Northern Shoveler -- 4 -- -- 2 12 17 -- 6 28
Gadwall 33 10 16 71 56 107 33 66 51 54
American Wigeon -- 13 cw 15 5 18 11 2 5 7
Mallard 65 174 167 188 602 168 182 167 188 217
American  Black Duck -- 10 1 9 13 5 22 14 24 --
Northern Pintail -- -- 1 -- -- -- -- -- -- 1
Green-winged Teal -- 1 1 -- -- -- 11 11 -- 1
Canvasback 1 -- -- 4 13 2 22 11 55 24
Redhead -- 3 -- 15 2 4 21 55 115 35
Ring-necked Duck 259 399 466 383 667 674 778 578 698 517
Greater Scaup -- 1 -- cw -- 10 -- -- -- --
Lesser Scaup cw 2 2 3 22 9 15 cw 4 10
   Scaup sp. -- -- -- -- -- 10 -- -- 2 --
Bufflehead 121 196 135 356 240 164 211 394 533 521
Common Goldeneye -- -- -- -- 1 -- 1 1 -- 1
Hooded Merganser 32 34 18 211 335 105 141 55 164 209
Common Merganser -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 3 -- --
Red-breasted Merganser -- 9 -- -- 1 1 -- 1 6 1
Ruddy Duck 3 97 128 118 380 277 352 183 155 205
  2006 2007 2008 2009– 2010– 2011– 2012– 2013 2014 2015
  2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Northern Bobwhite cw 6 2 -- 4 1 -- cw -- --
Ruffed Grouse 2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Wild Turkey 1 53 18 42 cw 1 15 -- 8 44
Pied-billed Grebe 31 116 40 110 44 88 218 51 58 75
Horned Grebe -- 3 1 2 12 3 1 cw 2 1
Western Grebe -- -- -- 1 -- -- -- -- -- --
Rock Pigeon 43 61 80 9 9 41 8 10 72 15
Eurasian Collared-Dove -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 6 13 12
Mourning Dove 105 274 391 343 279 294 178 164 162 255
American Coot 279 377 175 957 561 476 468 620 525 463
Sandhill Crane 57 79 cw 7 1 -- 459 2 -- 43
Killdeer 109 167 139 165 18 108 53 127 15 139
American Woodcock 6 -- 1 3 1 1 2 -- 2 2
Wilson's Snipe 12 12 16 15 5 25 29 5 24 33
Bonaparte's Gull -- -- -- 8 2 -- 2 12 -- --
Ring-billed Gull -- cw 8 47 65 -- 30 3 2 --
Herring Gull -- -- 1 cw -- -- -- -- -- --
Common Loon 2 2 1 11 -- 4 -- -- 3 10
Double-crested Cormorant -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 1 -- --
Great Blue Heron 11 5 9 6 6 5 5 3 10 2
  2006 2007 2008 2009– 2010– 2011– 2012– 2013 2014 2015
  2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Black Vulture -- 3 1 -- 4 -- 6 -- -- 1
Turkey Vulture 2 89 cw 1 14 9 9 5 -- 56
Osprey --

--

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Golden Eagle -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 1 im -- --
Northern Harrier 3 3 cw 4 5 1 5 2 3 2
Sharp-shinned Hawk 3 1 2 cw 4 1 -- 2 1 --
Cooper's Hawk 3 2 -- 2 3 3 -- 2 1 2
   Accipiter sp. -- 1 -- -- -- -- 2 -- -- --
Bald Eagle 1 ad -- 1 ad 1 ad 1 2 ad; 1 im 2 ad 3 2 1
Red-shouldered Hawk 12 13 14 17 13 9 18 5 7 11
Red-tailed Hawk 12 11 12 17 25 11 21 9 5 9
Rough-legged Hawk -- 1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Eastern Screech-Owl 5 5 7 13 5 4 4 3 -- 3
Great Horned Owl 8 3 -- -- -- 1 9 -- -- --
Barred Owl 2 3 1 3 4 3 cw 1 cw 2
Belted Kingfisher 6 9 8 9 6 5 6 8 8 7
Red-headed Woodpecker 25 13 19 3 25 12 12 5 33 --
Red-bellied Woodpecker 67 66 77 76 76 49 57 37 45 24
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker 3 6 20 8 8 7 5 6 3 7
Downy Woodpecker 46 32 43 45 54 47 32 18 21 27
Hairy Woodpecker 23 18 15 18 16 5 7 10 12 13
Northern Flicker 42 29 55 54 41 34 33 22 33 39
Pileated Woodpecker 43 20 22 37 23 15 21 17 16 11
American Kestrel 14 33 31 40 31 22 19 15 15 16
Merlin -- -- cw -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  2006 2007 2008 2009– 2010– 2011– 2012– 2013 2014 2015
  2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Eastern Phoebe 15 5 13 19 8 8 13 11 4 17
Loggerhead Shrike -- -- 1 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Blue Jay 165 153 291 256 129 110 173 78 102 28
American Crow 387 586 297 557 329 274 238 245 261 307
Horned Lark 11 16 3 57 62 23 6 30 1 --
Carolina Chickadee 214 212 219 267 228 270 126 84 144 144
Tufted Titmouse 174 249 206 263 281 248 167 92 120 91
Red-breasted Nuthatch -- 6 2 4 13 4 20 1 1 --
White-breasted Nuthatch 115 109 76 136 136 73 75 41 44 57
Brown Creeper 2 7 1 12 14 3 4 4 4 3
House Wren -- 1 1 1 -- -- 1 -- -- --
Winter Wren 10 8 5 15 11 5 13 10 8 10
Carolina Wren 133 121 129 108 106 92 53 48 75 91
Golden-crowned Kinglet 44 75 53 102 121 25 25 49 26 27
Ruby-crowned Kinglet -- 6 11 17 3 3 4 3 1 17
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher -- -- -- 1 -- -- -- -- -- --
Eastern Bluebird 212 327 254 338 292 273 158 142 112 78
Hermit Thrush 6 5 32 46 42 21 18 20 13 18
American Robin  327 60 116 431 140 224 30 306 47 227
Gray Catbird -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 1
Brown Thrasher 3 5 7 10 15 5 3 8 9 2
Northern Mockingbird 60 51 82 79 82 94 42 26 24 25
European Starling 647 2865 4464 2147 834 1324 533 1280 2287 924
Cedar Waxwing 2 11 173 226 231 176 67 117 21 14
House Sparrow 38 90 41 113 32 56 24 56 45 24
American Pipit 2 5 cw 23 80 35 1 -- -- --
House Finch 33 60 37 57 53 93 48 51 54 22
Purple Finch -- -- 13 8 8 5 4 -- 2 2
Red Crossbill -- -- -- -- -- -- 2 -- -- --
Pine Siskin 2 1 241 -- -- -- cw -- 5 17
American Goldfinch 92 269 135 168 161 112 125 48 90 61
  2006 2007 2008 2009– 2010– 2011– 2012– 2013 2014 2015
  2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Eastern Towhee 41 68 59 53 53 51 41 13 27 16
Chipping Sparrow 1 8 23 31 50 8 22 22 2 17
Clay-colored Sparrow -- -- cw -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Field Sparrow 57 234 312 153 286 190 108 74 89 74
Savannah Sparrow 1 5 20 22 30 1 8 17 10 10
Fox Sparrow -- 10 6 5 9 7 14 4 3 --
Song Sparrow 187 273 337 258 237 145 163 83 103 110
Swamp Sparrow 91 22 14 8 15 13 26 12 18 17
White-crowned Sparrow 11 8 15 20 14 5 19 24 9 2
White-throated Sparrow 142 197 221 183 220 167 103 60 50 66
Dark-eyed Junco 251 238 241 197 161 112 167 298 66 48
Eastern Meadowlark 107 94 200 206 136 59 103 158 41 120
Red-winged Blackbird 10 1 cw 30 2 -- 2 223 10 3
Brown-headed Cowbird -- 63 -- -- 3 22 -- 200 -- 25
Rusty Blackbird 95 14 -- 1 -- -- 6 220 -- --
Common Grackle 1 1 -- 4 211 12 -- -- -- --
Palm Warbler -- 1 -- 1 -- -- -- -- -- --
Pine Warbler -- -- -- 2 -- -- -- -- -- --
Yellow-rumped Warbler 9 76 34 177 21 39 21 13 -- 24
Northern Cardinal 189 337 365 266 290 278 159 140 133 169
 
Number of Individuals 5611 9927 11013 10754 9210 7967 6727 7235 7657 6430
Number of Species 78

92

82 90 90 88 89 88 82 86
 
CBC Season 2006 2007 2008 2009– 2010– 2011– 2012– 2013 2014 2015
  2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

    Edmund K. LeGrand (EKL) and Joseph E. Mast (JEM) co-compiled the Crossville Christmas Bird Count during 20062007, the inaugural CBC season for this site, and they continued their joint effort for several more years.

 

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