Results of Cookeville, Tennessee, Christmas Bird Count for the 1957–1958 through 1970–1971 Seasons
To view data from later periods of CBC coverage in Cookeville, click on the appropriate link below:
When Ralph Dunckel arrived in Cookeville in the late 1950s, he was instrumental in establishing the first Christmas Bird Count (CBC) in the city beginning with the 1957–1958 CBC season. Except for the 1969–1970 season, during which Dunckel died, a CBC was conducted every season from the 1957–1958 season until the 1982–1983 season, with various compilers—Miser R. Richmond (MRR), Paul L. Hollister (PLH), Amy Johnson (AJ), and Marie White (MW) during the period covered by the table below—in charge of collecting and submitting the data. Data for the 1957–1958 season were submitted only to Audubon Field Notes; data for the 1958–1959 through 1960–1961 seasons were submitted to The Migrant and to Audubon Field Notes; thereafter and until the 1982–1983 season (except for the 1969-1970 season), the Cookeville CBC data were submitted to and published only in The Migrant. Beginning with the 1987–1988 season, following a lapse of four seasons, the data were collected, submitted to, and published in both The Migrant and American Birds (but since 2002 the data submitted to American Birds have been available electronically on-line only).
Table 1. Cookeville CBC data from the 1957–1958 (58th) Season to the 1970–1971 (71st) Season.
CBC |
1957– |
1958– |
1959– | 1960– | 1961– | 1962– | 1963– | 1964– | 1965– | 1966– | 1967– |
1968– |
1970– |
| Season | 1958 | 1959 | 1960 | 1961 | 1962 | 1963 | 1964 | 1965 | 1966 | 1967 | 1968 | 1969 | 1971 |
|
Total Species |
41 d |
47 |
53 | 49 | 50 | 43 | 53 | 44 b | 53 | 55 | 47 |
44 |
46 |
|
Date(s) (December) |
27 |
29 |
31 | 29 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 21 | 27–28 | 28 | 29 |
27 |
28 |
Number of Field Observers |
16 |
11 |
16 | 15 | 13 | 15 | 16 | 14 | 17 | 12 | 16 |
11 |
18 |
Number of Party Hours |
49 |
49 |
100 | 64 | 47 | 90 | 75 | ? | 51.5 | 56 | ? |
54 |
55 |
|
Compiler |
? |
MRR |
MRR | PLH | PLH | PLH | PLH | PLH | AJ | AJ | MW |
MW |
MW |
|
Greater White-fronted Goose |
-- |
-- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Snow Goose |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Ross's Goose |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Canada Goose |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
| Mute Swan | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
| Trumpeter Swan | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Wood Duck |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
| Blue-winged Teal | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Northern Shoveler |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Gadwall |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
American Wigeon |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Mallard |
-- |
20 |
-- | -- | 7 | 2 | -- | -- |
-- | 10 | -- | -- |
-- |
American Black Duck |
-- | 9 |
-- | -- | 3 | -- | -- | -- |
-- | -- | -- | -- |
-- |
|
Northern Pintail |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Green-winged Teal |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
3 | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Canvasback |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Redhead |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Ring-necked Duck |
-- |
190 |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Greater Scaup |
-- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Lesser Scaup |
-- |
-- | -- |
-- | 2 | 2 | -- | 8 | 4 | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
| Scaup sp. | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Long-tailed Duck |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Bufflehead |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Common Goldeneye |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Hooded Merganser |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Common Merganser |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Red-breasted Merganser |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Ruddy Duck |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | 3 | -- |
-- | -- |
| 1957– |
1958– |
1959– | 1960– | 1961– | 1962– | 1963– | 1964– | 1965– | 1966– | 1967– |
1968– |
1970– |
|
| 1958 | 1959 | 1960 | 1961 | 1962 | 1963 | 1964 | 1965 | 1966 | 1967 | 1968 | 1969 | 1971 | |
| Northern Bobwhite | 23 | 2 | 38 | 8 | 30 | -- |
13 | 14 | 19 | 32 | 25 | 26 | 32 |
Ruffed Grouse |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Wild Turkey |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Pied-billed Grebe |
-- |
-- |
-- | -- |
1 | 1 | -- |
-- | -- |
2 | -- |
2 |
-- |
Horned Grebe |
-- |
-- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Rock Pigeon |
-- | 9 |
2 | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
| Eurasian Collared-Dove | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Mourning Dove |
109 | 42 |
200 | 86 | 69 | 160 | 162 | 47 | 130 | 66 | 130 | 60 |
59 |
| Rufous Hummingbird | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
| Selasphorus sp. | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
American Coot |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Sandhill Crane |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | 28 | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- |
|
Killdeer |
9 |
9 |
1 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 4 |
7 |
2 |
American Woodcock |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Wilson's Snipe |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
2 | -- | 1 | 14 | 5 | 4 | 1 | -- |
-- |
|
Spotted Sandpiper |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Greater Yellowlegs |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Bonaparte's Gull |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Ring-billed Gull |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Herring Gull |
-- |
4 |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Gull sp. |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
| 1957– |
1958– |
1959– | 1960– | 1961– | 1962– | 1963– | 1964– | 1965– | 1966– | 1967– |
1968– |
1970– |
|
| 1958 | 1959 | 1960 | 1961 | 1962 | 1963 | 1964 | 1965 | 1966 | 1967 | 1968 | 1969 | 1971 | |
Common Loon |
-- |
-- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
| Double-crested Cormorant | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Great Blue Heron |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | a | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | 1 |
-- |
Green Heron |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Black Vulture |
-- | 1 |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- | 1 | -- | -- |
-- |
Turkey Vulture |
-- | -- | 1 | 1 | 4 | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 1 | 1 | -- | 2 |
Northern Harrier |
-- |
-- |
1 | 3 | 1 | -- |
1 | 1 | -- | -- | -- |
-- | 1 |
Sharp-shinned Hawk |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
Cooper's Hawk |
-- | 1 |
1 | 1 | -- | 2 | 1 | -- | 2 | 1 | -- | 1 |
-- |
| Accipiter sp. | -- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- |
-- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Bald Eagle |
-- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- |
-- | 1 | -- | -- |
-- |
Red-shouldered Hawk |
1 | 2 |
-- | -- |
-- | 2 | -- | -- |
-- | 1 | -- | -- |
-- |
Red-tailed Hawk |
-- | 1 |
4 | -- |
4 | 6 | 2 | -- | 2 | 1 | 4 | 1 |
3 |
Harlan’s Hawk |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Rough-legged Hawk |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Barn Owl |
-- |
-- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
2 |
-- |
|
Eastern Screech-Owl |
-- |
1 |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
4 | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
1 |
-- |
|
Great Horned Owl |
-- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
2 |
|
Barred Owl |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Belted Kingfisher |
2 | -- |
2 | -- | -- |
1 | 2 | -- | -- |
1 | -- | -- |
2 |
|
Red-headed Woodpecker |
1 | -- |
7 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 5 | 26 | 7 | 1 |
3 |
7 |
|
Red-bellied Woodpecker |
2 | -- |
8 | 9 | 12 | 9 | 20 | 16 | 18 | 10 | 10 |
10 |
13 |
|
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker |
-- |
4 |
9 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 9 | 7 | 4 | 1 | 1 |
2 |
2 |
|
Downy Woodpecker |
5 |
5 |
20 | 9 | 22 | 22 | 15 | 29 | 25 | 28 | 14 |
11 |
21 |
| Hairy Woodpecker | 2 | 4 | 12 | 5 | 4 | -- | 4 | 6 | 13 | 10 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
Northern Flicker |
22 | 8 |
19 | 20 | 16 | 13 | 32 | 16 | 27 | 13 | 15 | 9 |
7 |
Pileated Woodpecker |
-- | -- |
15 | 5 | -- | 4 | 7 | 5 | 12 | 5 | 3 | 6 |
8 |
American Kestrel |
3 | 4 |
1 | 4 | 3 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 6 |
7 |
Merlin |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Eastern Phoebe |
-- | -- |
2 | 1 | 2 | -- | -- |
2 | 12 | -- |
-- | -- |
3 |
Loggerhead Shrike |
7 | 4 |
9 | 4 | 2 | -- | 8 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 4 | -- |
7 |
| 1957– |
1958– |
1959– | 1960– | 1961– | 1962– | 1963– | 1964– | 1965– | 1966– | 1967– |
1968– |
1970– |
|
| 1958 | 1959 | 1960 | 1961 | 1962 | 1963 | 1964 | 1965 | 1966 | 1967 | 1968 | 1969 | 1971 | |
|
Blue Jay |
87 |
45 |
131 | 120 | 136 | 120 | 175 | 36 | 180 | 207 | 104 |
25 |
92 |
|
American Crow |
211 |
133 |
133 | 219 | 260 | 205 | 125 | 13 | 161 | 131 | 72 |
38 |
68 |
|
Horned Lark |
-- |
7 |
17 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 31 | 13 | 2 | 3 | -- |
20 |
2 |
|
Carolina Chickadee |
14 |
41 |
50 | 20 | 29 | 50 | 52 | 19 | 45 | 67 | 24 |
9 |
48 |
|
Tufted Titmouse |
36 |
67 |
75 | 34 | 50 | 95 | 61 | 57 | 70 | 123 | 47 |
32 |
52 |
|
Red-breasted Nuthatch |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
White-breasted Nuthatch |
3 |
4 |
8 | 5 | 14 | 8 | 9 | 4 | 14 | 18 | 9 |
13 |
4 |
| Brown-headed Nuthatch | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Brown Creeper |
-- | -- |
1 | -- | 2 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 2 | -- | -- |
House Wren |
-- | -- |
2 | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
3 | -- |
-- |
-- | -- |
Winter Wren |
2 | -- |
1 | 1 | -- | -- |
7 | -- | -- |
1 | -- |
-- | -- |
| Marsh Wren | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Carolina Wren |
23 | 19 |
21 | 10 | 6 | 15 | 8 | 14 | 15 | 11 | 14 | 24 |
13 |
Bewick's Wren |
-- | 1 |
7 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 3 | 6 | -- | -- |
|
Golden-crowned Kinglet |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | 4 |
-- |
2 |
|
Ruby-crowned Kinglet |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Eastern Bluebird |
92 |
43 |
39 | 20 | 7 | 15 | 17 | 39 | 47 | 38 | 12 |
14 |
44 |
|
Hermit Thrush |
1 | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
2 | -- | 3 | -- |
-- | -- |
-- |
| Wood Thrush | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
American Robin |
41 |
3 |
27 | 26 | -- | 10 | 4 | 26 | 79 | 1 | 136 |
4 |
13 |
|
Gray Catbird |
-- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- |
-- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
2 |
-- |
Brown Thrasher |
-- | 2 |
3 | 2 | 3 | -- | 15 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 8 | 3 |
4 |
|
Northern Mockingbird |
-- |
24 |
60 | 27 | 30 | 38 | 20 | 13 | 31 | 30 | 18 |
12 |
21 |
| 1957– |
1958– |
1959– | 1960– | 1961– | 1962– | 1963– | 1964– | 1965– | 1966– | 1967– |
1968– |
1970– |
|
| 1958 | 1959 | 1960 | 1961 | 1962 | 1963 | 1964 | 1965 | 1966 | 1967 | 1968 | 1969 | 1971 | |
European Starling |
466 | 269 |
17700 | 1505 | 2250 | 1100 | 761 | 250 | 375 | 2000 | 970 | -- |
418 |
Cedar Waxwing |
21 | 6 |
-- | 130 | -- | -- |
24 | 146 | 80 | -- | 18 | -- |
2 |
House Sparrow |
58 | 26 |
125 | 40 | 207 | 280 | 135 | 78 | 212 | 168 | 262 | 104 |
49 |
American Pipit |
-- | -- |
49 c | 40 c | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
Evening Grosbeak |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
House Finch |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Purple Finch |
3 | -- |
22 | 60 | 26 | -- | 24 | -- | 36 | 23 | 26 | 2 |
-- |
Pine Siskin |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
American Goldfinch |
19 | 12 |
51 | 48 | 2 | 42 | 53 | 37 | 62 | 4 | 6 | 60 |
55 |
Eastern Towhee |
46 | 29 |
74 | 59 | 65 | 15 | 68 | 39 | 57 | 74 | 76 | 43 |
38 |
|
American Tree Sparrow |
1 | -- | -- |
2 | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- |
|
Chipping Sparrow |
14 | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | 2 | -- | 2 |
-- |
6 |
|
Field Sparrow |
14 |
78 |
137 | 45 | 26 | 35 | 64 | 26 | 25 | 43 | 51 |
28 |
45 |
|
Vesper Sparrow |
2 | -- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- |
|
Savannah Sparrow |
-- | -- |
1 | 37 | 2 | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | 6 | -- |
-- | -- |
Fox Sparrow |
1 | 14 |
7 | 3 | -- | 4 | 12 | -- | 4 | 9 | 1 | -- |
3 |
|
Song Sparrow |
22 |
14 |
70 | 20 | 5 | 16 | 24 | 10 | 28 | 10 | 18 |
13 |
14 |
| Lincoln's Sparrow | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
|
Swamp Sparrow |
4 |
-- |
18 | -- | 6 | -- | 2 | 11 | -- | 26 | -- |
-- | -- |
White-crowned Sparrow |
-- | 3 |
-- | 4 | 8 | 2 | 10 | 2 | -- | 4 | 10 | 8 |
-- |
White-throated Sparrow |
32 | 17 |
80 | 55 | 74 | 70 | 76 | 39 | 78 | 76 | 76 | 41 |
39 |
Dark-eyed Junco |
29 | 91 |
90 | 176 | 123 | 80 | 184 | 59 | 128 | 213 | 32 | 50 |
46 |
| 1957– |
1958– |
1959– | 1960– | 1961– | 1962– | 1963– | 1964– | 1965– | 1966– | 1967– |
1968– |
1970– |
|
| 1958 | 1959 | 1960 | 1961 | 1962 | 1963 | 1964 | 1965 | 1966 | 1967 | 1968 | 1969 | 1971 | |
| Bobolink | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Eastern Meadowlark |
98 | 92 |
145 | 150 | 103 | 98 | 150 | 60 | 150 | 64 | 42 | 49 |
80 |
Baltimore Oriole |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Red-winged Blackbird |
-- | 9 |
6 | 2 | 4 | -- | 10 | -- | 11 | -- | 2 | 2 |
-- |
Rusty Blackbird |
-- | 30 |
-- | -- |
2 | -- | 2 | -- | 4 | -- | 26 | 4 |
4 |
Brewer's Blackbird |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Brown-headed Cowbird |
-- | -- |
3 | 8 | 2 | 6 | 35 | -- | 4 | 200 | 7 | 7 |
158 |
Common Grackle |
1 | -- |
814 | 515 | 575 | 15 | 178 | 80 | 1183 | 10000 | 6768 | 19 |
199 |
Blackbird sp. |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
| Ovenbird | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Orange-crowned Warbler |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Common Yellowthroat |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Palm Warbler |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Pine Warbler |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Yellow-rumped Warbler |
12 | 2 |
4 | 2 | -- | -- |
5 | 12 | 3 | 1 | -- | -- |
-- |
Prairie Warbler |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- |
-- | -- | -- |
-- | -- |
Northern Cardinal |
139 | 81 |
116 | 140 | 222 | 75 | 135 | 72 | 73 | 206 | 136 | 95 |
125 |
|
Total Individuals |
-- |
-- |
20439 | 3670 | 4456 | 2689 | 2925 | 1363 | 3480 | 13986 | 9211 |
875 |
1827 |
|
Total Species |
41 d |
47 |
53 | 49 | 50 | 43 | 53 | 44 b | 53 | 55 | 47 |
44 |
46 |
CBC |
1957– |
1958– |
1959– | 1960– | 1961– | 1962– | 1963– | 1964– | 1965– | 1966– | 1967– |
1968– |
1970– |
| Season | 1958 | 1959 | 1960 | 1961 | 1962 | 1963 | 1964 | 1965 | 1966 | 1967 | 1968 | 1969 | 1971 |
a Twenty-eight (28) Great Blue Herons reported on this count were much more probably Sandhill Cranes and are so listed here.
b Although 45 species are stated to have occurred on this CBC, only 44 species are actually listed.
c These American Pipits were listed as Vesper Sparrows in the original published accounts of these CBCs.
d Three Common Nighthawks and three Red Crossbills reported on this count are not included above.
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